In today's interconnected world, cyber security is no longer just an issue for IT specialists, but is also of crucial importance for machine manufacturers. The challenge is to take security aspects into account as early as the development phase of machines. This means that machine manufacturer must not only design innovative and efficient machines, but also ensure that these machines are protected against potential cyber threats.
An integral part of this process is conducting comprehensive risk analyses to identify potential vulnerabilities. Targeted security measures must then be derived and implemented based on these analyses. But how exactly can this complex process be implemented in practice?
Develop your security concepts right at the start of the development process
One of the most fundamental steps is to design a robust security concept. Developers should consider the risks, how machines will communicate securely and what protective mechanisms need to be in place right from the conceptual stage. This includes using encrypted communication channels and ensuring that machines can only communicate with authorized devices and users.
Identify vulnerabilities early
Machine vulnerabilities can open the door for attackers. Manufacturers should conduct regular security checks and tests to identify potential weaknesses. Suitable measures include the creation of software bills of materials (SBOMs) and the comparison of these SBOMs with known vulnerabilities, as well as the carrying of penetration tests.
Plan for patches and updates
Even after a machine is delivered, vulnerabilities must be continuously addressed. Manufacturers must provide regular software updates and security patches to keep systems up to date.
Implementation of access controls
The security concept of a machine should include access controls. Only authorised users or devices should have access to machines or systems. This can be achieved, for example, by using role-based access control on the HMIs and Controllers used.
Protect against malware and ransomware
Machines that are part of a connected system must be safeguarded against threats. The usage of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and firewalls can also help detect and block potential attacks early on.
Adhere to security standards and regulations
Manufacturers should be guided by international and national standards to ensure that their products fulfil the highest security requirements.
IEC 62443 provides a solid foundation for machines and components. The standard helps to develop a structured and verifiable security strategy that fulfils the legal requirements of the CRA.
Cyberattacks are increasingly causing production downtimes, making security a top priority in automation. Machine builders and operators must focus on cybersecurity to meet legal requirements and protect their interests.
As automation experts, we ensure that our hardware, software and digital services contain exactly the security functions that you need as a machine manufacturer. Together, we can ensure that your machine meets the required legal requirements.
This whitepaper guides machine builders and operators through cybersecurity standards and regulations, including the Cyber Resilience Act and standard 62443, offering practical implementation advice.
